أنا سجلت في الآونة الأخيرة abiout بحثي عن حالة الخادم تخزين جديدة. يتضمن بحثي القادم إيجاد مناسبة PSU! ويبدو في السنوات الأخيرة حصلت عليه أصعب بكثير لإيجاد نوع من الأجهزة أود أن استخدام, ربما لأنه كان الأزياء للذهاب أكثر أناقة الأصغر والذي هو عادة أكثر ممكن في هذه الحقبة من تحسين الأجهزة الأداء لكل واط. ومع ذلك, إذا كان لديك مساحة وتريد أن تكون أنظمة بارد, هادئ, وكفاءة كبيرة ثم لا يزال وسيلة للذهاب.
My current server has the excellent Corsair HX520 PSU ولقد كان لنحو 10 سنوات. This modular PSU لديها 5 AUX connectors which can take SATA أو كابلات موليكس. حصلت خارج SATA الكابلات ولها 1 كابل موليكس و 4 SATA الكابلات التي تسمح لي الى السلطة على حد سواء المشجعين حالة (موليكس) وتصل إلى 16 محركات الأقراص الصلبة (4 س 4 SATA الكابلات). I currently have 12 SATA محركات الأقراص تعمل بالطاقة مع القليل من الطاقة الانتاجية الفائضة.
I would be very happy with another HX520 power supply for my new server but of course being a 10 year old design it is no longer available, and I haven’t been able to find one second hand so I have been searching for something equivalent. The problem is that modern designs seem obsessed with providing silly numbers of GPU اسلاك الطاقة (silly given that a significant majority of people use either 0 أو 1 وحدات معالجة الرسومات, وعدد قليل جدا استخدام الواقع 2, دعه وحده 3!) ولكن الكثير منهم لديهم فقط 3 AUX connectors with even the reasonably high power models only offering 4.
It is possible to get models with 5 or more AUX sockets but these are typically £200 or more for 1000W or more. My current server pulls 125W at the socket so this sort of PSU would be complete overkill and would also be operating at only 10% capacity which is far below the optimum efficiency. A 400W PSU would be far more suitable (to give headroom for the systme under full load and for the drive spin up power draw at boot up).
One final frustration is that even if I am able to find a much older model second hand it is likely to be significantly less efficient that a modern design. With the server running 24.7 efficiency does make a difference. Is it too much to ask to find a modern equivalent of the HX520 with an 80 بالاضافة الى الذهب (or better) rating for price of around £60?
Bare in mind there is a lot of misinformation about the amount of power required for systems with multiple HDDs. هناك good thread on SuperUser where some typical figures are given and a similar discussion on Tom’s Hardware forums where a typical example is given…
- WD Caviar Black (WD2001FASS)
- Startup Current +12V: 1.16 الامبير
- Startup Current +5V: 0.60 الامبير
- Startup Power (مجموع): 16.92في
- قراءة و كتابة: 10.70 واتس
- خامل: 8.20 واتس
- تعليق: 1.30 واتس
- ينام: 1.30 واتس
The total spin up power at 17W is fairly typical. A WD Red 3Tb uses 15W.
مع 16 of these drives there would be a maximum draw of 48W from the 5v line and 223W from the 12V line (271مجموعه W). حتى مع السماح 125W ل وحدة المعالجة المركزية under full load and another 100W for the rest of the system, the total maximum power draw is still only 471W. And let’s remember that the cpu and system will not be drawing maximum power at bootup time when the drives are at maximum. الشيء الأخير إلى الاختيار هو أن PSU can supply enough power on the 5V line and 12v line as these each have a maximum rating. Even my old Corsair HX520 can provide 24A at 5V which is a total of 120W (Basic secondary school physics lessons will tell you that Power = Current x Voltage) which is 2.5x the demand of this hypotetical 16-drive system.
In fact the area I would have to be careful of (if I didn’t have staggered spin up) غير أن بلدي HX520 القديمة لديها 3 12V lines which each have a maximum supply of 18A which means 216W. فقط 1 هذه يستخدم لقوة محرك حتى إذا حاولت أن دوران 16 HDDs simultaneously I would be slightly over my power budget. بالطبع أنا لا يجب متداخلة تدور المتابعة وليس لدي سوى 10 spinning-rust based drives so I am well within the limits. The lesson is clear though — in any build the limiting factor is more likely to be the maximum power provided per 12v line and not the total power the PSU تم تصنيف ل. Once we know this it becomes apparent that there really is no need for a kilowatt PSU for this sort of system, but having staggered spin up is immensely valuable and even with that, it is worth paying attention to the maximum rating of each 12v line, and the maximum rating for the 5v supply. Most modern حدات الدعم البرنامجي now use a single 12v line which can supply 50A+ which solves this problem.
It is worth noting that using “green” drives that like to go to sleep could cause issues if they all try to spin up at once. إذا لم يفعلوا ذلك سوف تحصل على تأخير طويل أن reponse عند أي وقت مضى استيقظ! I recommend using NAS grade (or better) HDDs for a storage system of this kind. Some good information and graphs about start-up power are available at 45Drives.com
My current server has 12 محركات, 1 بطاقة غارة, و 2 بطاقات التلفزيون. It typically draws about 125W at the socket, with all the drives spinning and the تلفزيون streaming. No doubt if I hammer the server it will go higher, but for a glorified NAS a kilowatt power supply is utterly overkill. والشيء الرئيسي لساعة هي قوة رسم إذا لم يكن لديك متداخلة تدور فوق تمكين (which you can probably only enable with a RAID بطاقة). لدي متداخلة تدور تصل, و 2 من بلدي 12 محركات الأقراص سواقات الأقراص الصلبة الجامدة التي لا يوجد لديك تدور تصل القضية. Assuming the new server also draws around 125W then a 500W PSU سيكون في 25% حمل, فيما كان 1000W PSU سيكون في 12.5% حمل. Given an equal 80 plus rating the 500W PSU is almost certain to be more efficient at this load, as well as being a reasonable price to start with.
لقد كان لي نظرة جيدة في ذات العلامات التجارية الرئيسية PSU manufacturers (Corsair, Seasonic, EVGA, ANTEC, FSP, Bequiet, Silverstone, Thermaltake, CoolerMaster, XFX, تصميم كسورية, Enermax) وجعل القائمة أدناه من أقرب يمكن أن تجد لي. Most manufacturers don’t offer anything at all below 650W with 5 or more aux connectors. I’ve included a 750W Corsair as I’ve seen it on offer at a similar price to 650W models frequently.
Possible new models
- Corsair RM750 (750في; £ 75; 80+ الذهب)
- EVGA SuperNOVA 650 G + (650في; £ 85; 80+ الذهب)
- EVGA 650 BQ (650في; £ 74; 80+ برونز)
حتى الآن PSU’s I am aware of to search for second hand are…
- Corsair HX520
- Corsair HX620
- Corsair HX550
- Corsair HX650
- Seasonic 660XP2
- Seasonic 650KM3
“Hi James I realise it has been a long while, but I just checked this on windows 11 (build 23H2)…”