ایک pfsense روٹر سے میری BT SmartHub سے سوئچنگ کے بعد سے میں نے چند معمولی ابتدائی مسائل پڑا ہے. جس میں سے ایک میں ایک خامی کے ساتھ بی بی سی کی ویب سائٹ تک رسائی حاصل نہیں کر سکتے ہیں، جہاں ایک مسئلہ پیدا سکویڈ پراکسی سروس کی گئی ہے. حالت میں آخر میں ایک تھوڑا سا عجیب طریقہ کار کے ذریعے اس کو حل کیا, میں نے اس کی اپنے طور پر فکسنگ کے قابل تھا جس مسئلے کی ایک ممکنہ ذریعہ سامنا کرنا پڑا
When I turned squid off I was immediately able to access the BBC website, but with it turned on I consistent received an error from squid that there had been a “Zero Sized Reply”. اس سکویڈ لگ رہا تھا بی بی سی کی طرف سے کوئی جواب حاصل کرنے سے قاصر تھا. One possible cause of this could be fragmented packets being dropped, and the cause of fragmentation is normally MTU size.
The default MTU for Ethernet is 1500 and most modern operating systems manage things on the LAN automatically. It is possible to use sizes up to 9000 to increase throughput (تھوڑا سا) LAN کے لئے. However, this was of less interest to me than making sure packets weren’t getting fragmented multiple times, or being fragmented after leaving the router.
pfsense ساتھ وان MTU ڈیفالٹ پر سیٹ (1500) I tried some pinging from windows to see what the maximum size was without fragmentation. The command to use is ping google.com -f -l 1500
, changing the last number to find the optimum. My BT Infinity connection uses PPPoE which typically has a maximum value of 1492 (ہے PPPoE pfsense کرنے کے طور پر میری ختم موڈیم پیش کر سکتے ہیں جس میں یہ حقیقت میں واقعی PPPoA کا استعمال کر سکتے, different sources say different things about this), and when using ping it is necessary to take into account some overhead which has a value of 28, so I was expecting a ping MTU of 1464 سب سے بڑا میں استعمال کر سکتے ہیں بننے کے لئے. To my surprise this still resulted in fragmentation and I eventually found the maximum I could use was 1456.
میں نے اس قدر استعمال کیا (ساتھ 28 پیٹھ پر شامل کیا) کی ایک MTU قیمت مقرر کرنے 1484 میں وان interface settings of pfsense. Now the only fragmentation should be done by the router to LAN packets, with no risk of any later fragmentation from a router somewhere between me and any particular website. After clearing my browser cache and the squid cache I was then able to load the BBC website successfully. I suspect the issue was caused by a router blackholing issue somewhere between my آئی ایس پی and the BBC servers which was dropping the fragmented packets. A nice description of the phenomenon can be found on RCL کا بلاگ
“Hi James I realise it has been a long while, but I just checked this on windows 11 (build 23H2)…”