0终极编解码器指南

How data is stored in a multimedia file

在计算机上的文件 (or on an optic­al disk like DVD 或蓝光) 需要包含多于 1 type of data. A typ­ic­al movie will include at least 1 video “stream” and one audio “stream”. Most movies include mul­tiple lan­guages and sub­titles, each of which requires an addi­tion­al stream. Each of these streams is effect­ively a file in its own right, but they are all stored togeth­er with­in a “con­tain­er” which also starts each of them at the right time (字幕不以电影为例的开始立即开始) 并保持他们的同步，以及存储有关他们每个人的元数据 - 即. 什么样的语言，但, 什么样的帧率和分辨率的视频, 并已使用何种压缩标准.

视频流

Video streams con­tain only the video part of the movie. They are com­pressed using a par­tic­u­lar sys­tem and there should be meta-data about their res­ol­u­tion, 帧率, 当它们存在隔行或逐行和编码系统的细节用.

音频流

Audio streams con­tain only the audio part of the movie. There are usu­ally mul­tiple audio streams included with the movie and each has its own stream. They can be com­pressed in a range of ways or in some cases they are uncom­pressed raw audio. There should be meta-data about their bitrate, 决议案, 语言, 使用的信道和编码系统的细节的数.

Oth­er streams (e.g. Closed Cap­tions)

Many movies con­tain oth­er streams, 最常见的隐藏字幕 (也被称为字幕).  These come in sev­er­al formats, but are typ­ic­ally just text with time stamps. They are so small rel­at­ively that no com­pres­sion is used. There should be meta-data about their lan­guage.

All of the streams that com­prise the movie are bundled togeth­er and kept in sync by a con­tain­er. The con­tain­er should con­tain (并提供) all the meta-data about each stream. The con­tain­er also enables the col­lec­tion of streams to be stored as a single file. The most com­mon con­tain­er formats are VOB (使用 DVD) 和M2TS (使用蓝光).  Oth­er com­mon con­tain­er formats on PC are TS, MPEG, AVI, MKV, WMV, WTV, 硬盘录像机-MS and MP4. The obsol­ete HD-DVD format used EVO con­tain­ers.

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